RAM is limited by various hardware and software.
RAM is a crucial component in making your computer function properly. In simple terms, the more random access memory, or RAM, you have, the more reliable and speedy your computer will be. Unfortunately, there are certain limits imposed by certain hardware and software aspects of your computer. While these limits may differ, they serve as a cutoff point for computer RAM upgrades.
Motherboard Limitations
As memory is typically installed onto your computer's motherboard, this piece of computer hardware serves as the first limitation to RAM type and capacity. Where operating systems only limit the amount of RAM, motherboards are responsible for limiting both amount and type. For example, if your motherboard was built to utilize a maximum of 4 gigabytes of DDR2 RAM, you must install the proper type of DDR2 memory without going over 4 GB. While going over won't hurt your computer, it's a waste of money since your computer won't be able to use the extra RAM. Installing the wrong type can lead to a myriad of problems, including the inability to boot your computer.
32-bit Operating Systems
Windows operating systems fall under two categories, 32- and 64-bit systems, the bit number representing how many bits of information the OS can process at once. The type your computer has depends on whether you have a 32- or 64-bit processor in your computer. The lesser of the two, 32-bit systems can't hold or utilize as much RAM as their larger counterparts. For the most part, all 32-bit systems of Windows 7, Vista and XP can read and utilize up to 4 GB of RAM. Vista Starter Edition can only use 1 GB, while Windows 7 Starter Edition can handle 2 GB. Much as with the motherboard, going over this limit won't hinder performance but will be ignored by the OS.
64-bit Processors and Operating Systems
The difference in memory capacity is one of the most notable differences between 32- and 64-bit processors and operating systems, Microsoft affirms. Unlike 32-bit systems, 64-bit computers face a slightly different problem. Theoretically, 64-bit processors can utilize an amazing 16 exabytes (more than 16 million GBs) of RAM, dwarfing the 32-bit 4 GB limit, claims Windows Networking. Unfortunately, operating systems don't share the same capabilities. As of 2010, the 64-bit Windows 7 Ultimate Edition, the most advanced version of the software, has a 192-GB limit. While this number is still astronomically high, it's important to note that it'd be incredibly expensive and total overkill to use even a quarter of that RAM limit. Furthermore, motherboard limitations still apply and a motherboard with that many RAM slots wouldn't fit in a standard home computer.
Tags: your computer, 32-bit systems, going over, hardware software, operating systems, Starter Edition